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Critical Thinking: Comparative Analysis: Risk (125 points)
Compare Risk in Different Health Care Systems
Write a paper that compares and contrasts risk in three different health care systems from
three different countries.
The comparison document should contain the following:
•
•
•
•
Examine the different risks associated with each health care delivery system.
Examine medical malpractice environment and process.
What type of regulation oversight occurs in the healthcare space?
Analyze how risk is measured.
Requirements:
•
•
•
•
Your paper should be four to five pages in length, not including the title and
reference pages.
You must include a minimum of four credible sources. Use the Saudi Electronic
Digital Library to find your resources.
Your paper must follow Saudi Electronic University academic writing standards and
APA style guidelines, as appropriate.
You are strongly encouraged to submit all assignments to the Turnitin Originality
Check prior to submitting them to your instructor for grading. If you are unsure how
to submit an assignment to the Originality Check tool, review the Turnitin
Originality Check Student Guide.
Here are some friendly reminders:
1. You have a critical thinking assignment this week.
2. You have a Module Quiz this week.
3. You do not have a discussion forum this week.
4. Next Live Session is this Week 4/Module 4.
a. Link: https://eu.bbcollab.com/guest/90391bcfd2a0
4166a3a7c3ba0d5ee4f2
5. Learning Outcomes for Week 4:
• Evaluate examples of health system regulations and the
healthcare system in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
• Evaluate the challenges involved in implementing
regulations.
• Compare types and levels of licensure, certification, and
accreditation requirements for healthcare professionals in the
UK, USA, Germany, and KSA.
• Analyze the KSA health system regulations that meet global
standards with examples.
• Evaluate plans for implementing improvements that reduce
risk in complex healthcare systems in Saudi Arabia.
Critical Thinking: Comparative Analysis: Risk
Compare Risk in Different Health Care Systems
Write a paper that compares and contrasts risk in three different health care systems from
three different countries.
The comparison document should contain the following:
•
•
•
•
•
Examine the different risks associated with each health care delivery
system.(Choose one risk and compare it between the three countries)
Examine medical malpractice environment and process.
What type of regulation oversight occurs in the healthcare space?
Analyze how risk is measured.
Here is an example for the US :
Requirements:
•
•
•
•
•
Your paper should be four to five pages in length, not including the title and
reference pages.
You must include a minimum of four credible sources. Use the Saudi Electronic
Digital Library to find your resources.
Your paper must follow Saudi Electronic University academic writing standards and
APA style 7th edition guidelines, as appropriate.
. No plagiarism more than 25%
Choose one risk and talk about it.
1. Learning Outcomes for Week 4:
• Evaluate examples of health system regulations and the
healthcare system in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
• Evaluate the challenges involved in implementing
regulations.
• Compare types and levels of licensure, certification, and
accreditation requirements for healthcare professionals in the
UK, USA, Germany, and KSA.
• Analyze the KSA health system regulations that meet global
standards with examples.
• Evaluate plans for implementing improvements that reduce
risk in complex healthcare systems in Saudi Arabia.
Chapter 3
GLOBAL
HEALTH:
SYSTEMS,
POLICY, AND
ECONOMICS
Chapter 3: Overview
• Introduction
• Micro and Macro Models
• Convergence of Problems and Responses
• Nature of Tradeoffs, Ideology, and Ethics
• Policy-Making Around the World
• Conclusion
Introduction
• World Wide Challenge of health policy
making in the 21st century
• Medicine within social organizations
• Government intervention or non
intervention
• Policy-making challenges
• All nations have problems with cost,
quality, access and health outcomes
Micro and Macro Models
• The political process
• Involves governmental and
nongovernmental organizations (NGO)
and individuals
• Micro and macro frameworks
• Analogous to economics
Micro and Macro Models
• Characteristics of the policy marketplace model
• Assumptions
• Policy actors
• Disparities in power
• Currency used
• Impact of governmental regulation
Micro and Macro Models
• The policy systems model:
Characteristics
• Complexity
• Interrelatedness
• Interdependent
• Cyclical processes
Micro and Macro Model
• Longest’ s model of health policy
development
• Recognition of inputs
• Policy formation
• Policy outputs
• Implementation
• Outcomes
Convergence of Problems
and Responses
• Convergence of variations in health
organizations
• Cost containment
Convergence of Problems
and Responses
• Access to care
• Disadvantaged subpopulations
• Informal payments (bribes)
• Political instability
Convergence of Problems
and Responses
• Impact of new technologies
• Cost and complexity
• Balance between old and new
• Economic and ethical conflict
Convergence of Problems
and Responses
• Quality of care considerations
• Technologic complexity
• Enable the aggregation of data
• New information technology
Convergence of Problems
and Responses
• Measuring health outcomes
• Potential benefit of health IT
• Consensus about existing problems
• US system expensive, wasteful,
unsustainable
Convergence of Problems
and Responses
• Sustainability
• Growing financial stress on public
and private sectors
Convergence of Problems
and Responses
• Achieving sustainability
• Quest for common ground
• Digital backbone
• Incentive realignment
Convergence of Problems
and Responses
• Achieving sustainability
• Quality and safety standardization
• Resource deployment
• Innovation
• Adaptability
Convergence of Problems
and Responses
• Assessment of progress in policymaking
• Technology based sustainability
• Quality and safety standardization
Convergence of Problems and
Responses
• Price Waterhouse Cooper (PWC) study
recommended solutions:
• Quest for common ground
• Digital backbone
• Incentive
• Quality and safety standardization
• Strategic resource deployment
• Climate of innovation
• Adaptable delivery roles and structures
Nature of Tradeoffs,
Ideology, and Ethics
• Tradeoffs
• Source
• Importance
• Economic efficiency and political
equity
• Prioritizing efficiency and equity
Nature of Tradeoffs,
Ideology, and Ethics
• Tradeoffs
• Political obstacles
• Expectations of the populace
• Ethical and ideological
disagreements
• Social experimentation without public
consultation
• Undeveloped “rule of law”
Nature of Tradeoffs,
Ideology, and Ethics
• Tradeoffs
• Components of justice
• Libertarian perspective
Policy-Making Around the World
• Assessment of ability to address
challenges
• Assessment of sustainability of US
system
• No reform will lead to de facto rationing
• Reform faces significant political problems
• Something major will occur in the next
one or two decades
Policy-Making Around the World
• Equating national health service with
rationing
• Situation in developing countries
• Political instability
• Social inequality
• Immature economies
Conclusion
• Not at all clear how leadership will meet the
health system challenges in the next 20 years
• Absence of a true US national health systems
and stable international health systems is
creating de facto rationing
• Advocates argue for cost controls on expenditures
and/or more taxes on upper-income citizens
• Significant backlash against the ACA
• Should not lose sight of past achievements
This Section Reserved
for Instructors
Suggested Discussion or
Research Questions
Discussion or Research Questions
• Describe how health policy making is a political
process.
• Describe the characteristics associated with the
Policy Marketplace Model (Micro model) of health
policy decision making.
• What are the characteristics associated with the
Policy Systems (Macro) model of health policy
making?
Discussion or Research Questions
• What are the stages of the Longest model of health
policy making how do they impact on individual
health policies?
• Describe the major problems faced by all nations as
they attempt to formulate health policy and their
implications on health system development.
• What are the implications associated with an
increased emphasis on the use of outcomes
measurements on the delivery of health care
services?
Discussion or Research Questions
• How does having a truly integrated
national health system impact the
implementation of technical and structural
reforms?
• What are the benefits of having a robust
health information infrastructure
integrated within the healthcare delivery
system?
• What is the primary underlying trade-off in
the development and implementation of a
national healthcare delivery system?
Discussion or Research Questions
• What are the primary political obstacles in using
explicit trade-off analysis in health policy making?
• Describe how the individual and social components
of justice influence the debate on ethical health
policy.
Discussion or Research Questions
• Describe how health policy making is a political process.
• Describe the characteristics associated with the Policy Marketplace Model (Micro model) of health
policy decision making.
• What are the characteristics associated with the Policy Systems (Macro) model of health policy
making?
• What are the stages of the Longest model of health policy making how do they impact on individual
health policies?
• Describe the major problems faced by all nations as they attempt to formulate health policy and their
implications on health system development.
• What are the implications associated with an increased emphasis on the use of outcomes
measurements on the delivery of health care services?
• How does having a truly integrated national health system impact the implementation of technical
and structural reforms?
• What are the benefits of having a robust health information infrastructure integrated within the
healthcare delivery system?
• What is the primary underlying trade-off in the development and implementation of a national
healthcare delivery system?
• What are the primary political obstacles in using explicit trade-off analysis in health policy making?
• Describe how the individual and social components of justice influence the debate on ethical health
policy.
General Question Categories
• Structure and Evaluation Healthcare Services and Systems
• Global Burden of Disease
• Cultural Influences
• Medical Travel and Tourism and Off Shoring
• Health Communication, Marketing, Social Marketing
• Data and Measurement
• Policy, Strategy, and the Regulatory Environment
• Global Health Leadership
• International Best Practices
Suggested Topic Areas To Use When Facilitating Discussions, Projects, or
Case Studies
• Engagement of stakeholders
• Effectively working in and managing teams
• Learning how to get in front of the problem or identify opportunities
• Learning to communicate effectively
• Assessment of solutions that fit the country
• Embracing systems thinking
• Recognize and embrace diversity
• Sustaining the mission of health as well as health care
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