Description
Read these directions and the rubric criteria and reach out to your instructor if you have any questions before you begin working on this project. Many of the steps below will require you to reference and utilize the work you have done in previous modules of this course. You may use the provided template to complete this project or choose not to use the template and submit a Word document instead.
Part 1: Creating a Research Question: The quality of research often depends on the quality of the question driving it. It is important to understand how personal opinions, perspectives, and historical sources all play a part in developing and examining a research question. Complete the following steps to discuss how you developed a strong research question about your chosen historical event.
Describe how your assumptions, beliefs, and values influenced your choice of topic.
How might your own perspectives and opinions impact the topic you chose and how you may approach studying it?
Discuss the significance of your historical research question in relation to your current event.
State your historical research question and explain the connection between your current event and your question.
Explain how you used sources to finalize your research question.
Identify the specific primary and secondary sources you used.
Discuss how evidence in these primary and secondary sources strengthened or challenged the focus of your question.
Part 2: Building Context to Address Questions: In this part of the project, you will examine the historical context related to your historical event. The context will be like snapshots that capture what was happening in history that affected the development of your current event.
Describe the context of your historical event that influenced your current event.
How does the context of your historical event help tell the story of what was happening at the time? How might this historical event connect or lead to your current event?
Describe a historical figure or group’s participation in your historical event.
This person or people must have directly participated in the event you identified as it was happening, not after it.
Use specific details from your primary and secondary sources to demonstrate how the person or people participated in the event.
Explain the historical figure or group’s motivation to participate in your historical event.
Consider why the person or people were motivated to get involved in the event.
Part 3: Examining How Bias Impacts Narrative: Narrative is how people tell stories based on their own assumptions, beliefs, and values. From a historical perspective, narratives influence who we focus on, what we focus on, and how we discuss events and issues in the past and present. Complete the following steps to explore how the stories about your current event and the historical events leading to it have been told.
Describe a narrative you identified while researching the history of your historical event.
There can be multiple narratives depending on your sources. Pick one or two that you feel have been the most influential.
Articulate how biased perspectives presented in primary and secondary sources influence what is known or unknown about history.
How do potentially biased sources influence knowledge of your historical event and current event?
Support your stance with examples from your primary and secondary sources.
Identify the perspectives that you think are missing from your historical event’s narrative.
Whose stories were not recorded? Whose voices were ignored or silenced?
Part 4: Connecting the Past With the Present: Consider how the work you have done to develop your research question and investigate it can be used to explain connections between the past and present. Complete the following steps to discuss the value of developing historical inquiry skills.
Explain how researching its historical roots helped improve your understanding of your current event.
How did examining your current event from a historical perspective help you better comprehend its origins?
Articulate how questioning your assumptions, beliefs, and values may benefit you as an individual.
Why is it valuable to be aware of your assumptions, beliefs, and values when encountering information in your personal, academic, and professional life?
Discuss how being a more historically informed citizen may help you understand contemporary issues.
Consider how having knowledge of history could influence how you approach current challenges or questions in the world.
Use this template to address the steps in your Project Guidelines and Rubric. Replace the bracketed text with your responses. Ensure that you have considered your instructor’s feedback when revising your work. Proofread the entire document before submitting.
Part 1: Creating a Research Question
1. Describe how your assumptions, beliefs, and values influenced your choice of topic. ·
2. Discuss the significance of your historical research question in relation to your current event. · 3. Explain how you used sources to finalize your research question. ·
Part 2: Building Context to Address Questions
1. Describe the context of your historical event that influenced your current event. · [Insert response here.] 2. Describe a historical figure or group’s participation in your historical event. · [Insert response here.] 3. Explain the historical figure or group’s motivation to participate in your historical event. · [Insert response here.]
Part 3: Examining How Bias Impacts Narrative
1. Describe a narrative you identified while researching the history of your historical event. · [Insert response here.]
2. Articulate how biased perspectives presented in primary and secondary sources influence what is known or unknown about history. · [Insert response here.]
3. Identify the perspectives that you think are missing from your historical event’s narrative. · [Insert response here.]
Part 4: Connecting the Past With the Present
1. Explain how researching its historical roots helped improve your understanding of your current event. · [Insert response here.]
2. Articulate how questioning your assumptions, beliefs, and values may benefit you as an individual. · [Insert response here.]
3. Discuss how being a more historically informed citizen may help you understand contemporary issues. · [Insert response here.]
Unformatted Attachment Preview
HIS 100 Module One Activity Template: Project Topic Exploration
You must pick a topic from the Research Topics Lists in the Library Research Guide. While it is a good
idea to choose your topic early, you may change it until the next module. Replace the bracketed text
below with your responses. Support your responses with specific details and examples.
Identify the topic you chose to explore:
• The Philippine Revolution
Explain what you already know about the chosen topic based on your personal history or experiences.
• The Philippine Revolution started in 1896 when the Spanish authorities discovered an
anticolonial secret organization that had been formed to free the Philippines from the
Spanish colonial power. The Spanish government has been controlling the Philippines
since the sixteenth century. However, their regime nearly ended when they could not
defeat the Filipino rebellion. In 1898, the US declared war against Spain for sinking their
warship near Havana, Cuba, and took action to defeat the Spanish fleet stationed in the
Philippines (Salem Press, Inc., 2017).
Describe the beliefs, assumptions, and values you have related to the topic you chose.
• My opinion about the Philippine Revolution is that the Philippines strongly desired
independence and sovereignty. Their passion to break free and struggle for their freedom
from the Spanish colony was triggered by the mistreatment they received from the
Spanish rule. In my assumption, the Philippine Revolution was a response to the injustice
they were subjected to by the Spanish government, which led to the creation of a secret
society dedicated to liberating the Philippines. Patriotism and historical awareness are the
values related to the Philippine Revolution (Salem Press, Inc., 2017). The sacrifice made
by the Philippines rebels shows love for one’s country and dedication.
Explain why this topic is relevant to current events or to modern society.
• The Philippine Revolution is relevant to modern society because it highlights themes such as
leadership and sacrifice, human rights, self-determination, and nationalism. Furthermore, it
provides historical lessons and valuable insight into contemporary movements and struggles
worldwide.
1
HIS 100 Module Two Activity Template: Historical Research Question
This activity is your last chance to choose a topic. Topic changes may be based on your research
or instructor feedback. Then write a historical research question that addresses an aspect of
your finalized topic. Replace the bracketed text below with your responses.
Non-graded portion:
• List your historical research topic here:
o Philippine Revolution
Graded portion:
• Write a clear, relevant, and focused research question about your finalized topic.
• The research question I have formulated is “How did the Philippine Revolution of 1896 impact
the quest for national independence and sovereignty, and what are the enduring lessons it
offers for contemporary global movements for self-determination, human rights, and
nationalism?”. This question is a comprehensive and multifaceted inquiry into the Philippine
Revolution and its enduring significance. First, the question explores the historical impact of the
Philippine Revolution. This part of the question recognizes the significant contribution the
uprising made to the Philippines’ desire for freedom and democracy. In order to fully
understand how the rebellion changed the trajectory of Philippine history, academics need to
dive into the particular actions, plans, and results of the uprising.
• The inquiry’s second goal is to compare the past and present. The question inquiries about the
enduring lessons that the Philippine Revolution offers to contemporary global movements for
self-determination, human rights, and nationalism. This feature acknowledges how historical
occurrences have influenced contemporary political and social trends and ideas (Zhou, 2023). It
urges academics to investigate how the ideas and lessons of the Philippine Revolution might
guide and motivate today’s conflicts across the world towards equality, liberty, and autonomy.
• This approach of structuring the research question invites a comprehensive investigation of the
subject. Researchers need to consider the social, political, monetary, and social components of
the rebellion and its consequences. They would likewise be provoked to investigate the
verifiable setting of the upset, including colonial dynamics between Spain and the Philippines.
Furthermore, the question invites a comparative analysis between the Philippine Revolution and
other historical and contemporary movements for independence and human rights, facilitating a
broader understanding of global history and politics.
•
•
Explain how another person’s beliefs, assumptions, and values may lead that person to create a
different question than you.
Individuals’ beliefs can significantly influence the questions they pose about historical events. In
the context of the Philippine Revolution, someone with a pro-colonial perspective may believe
that Spanish colonialism positively impacted the Philippines. This belief might stem from the
idea that colonial powers introduced infrastructure, education, and certain aspects of Western
culture. Consequently, their research question may reflect this perspective, asking, “What were
the positive contributions of Spanish colonialism to the Philippines?”. This question is rooted in
the belief that there have been some redeeming qualities to colonial rule, and it seeks to
explore and highlight these potential benefits. The question may lead to research focusing on
•
•
•
•
•
•
aspects such as architecture, language, or legal systems influenced by Spanish colonialism,
aiming to demonstrate its positive impact.
Assumptions
Assumptions play a crucial role in shaping the landscape of research questions, exerting a
substantial influence on the trajectory and scope of inquiry. For instance, consider an individual
who assumes that the United States’ intentions during the Philippine-American War were driven
solely by benevolence. This assumption could give rise to a specific research question like “To
what extent did the intervention of the United States contribute to the modernization and
development of the Philippines?” This question presupposes that the primary outcome of US
intervention was the modernization and development of the Philippines. As a result of this
assumption, the ensuing research may heavily emphasize the economic and infrastructural
transformations ushered in by American rule in the Philippines. However, it may inadvertently
downplay or overlook other significant facets of this historical context, such as the resistance
movements and the formidable challenges faced by Filipinos during that tumultuous period. It is
essential to recognize that assumptions can act as guiding forces in research, shaping the
framing of questions, the selection of methodologies, and the interpretation of findings.
Therefore, researchers need to remain vigilant about the assumptions that underlie their
investigations, acknowledging the potential impact of these assumptions on the depth and
breadth of their scholarly pursuits. This would help researchers strive for a more comprehensive
and balanced understanding of complex historical events and phenomena.
Values
Values play a crucial role in shaping the formulation of research inquiries, as they mirror
personal priorities and ethical beliefs. An individual who deeply appreciates historical narratives
centred on resistance, liberation, and the amplification of oppressed voices may ask, “What
were the pivotal strategies and sacrifices undertaken by Filipino revolutionaries in their
relentless pursuit of independence during the Philippine Revolution?”. This inquiry encapsulates
a profound commitment to acknowledging and commemorating the endeavours of those who
ardently strove for liberty. The question steers the course of research toward a deep exploration
of Filipino revolutionaries’ experiences, motivations, and sacrifices, thereby spotlighting their
invaluable contributions to the nation’s historical tapestry. Such a line of inquiry could lead to indepth investigations into the pivotal roles played by iconic figures such as Andres Bonifacio and
Emilio Aguinaldo in the unfolding of this historic revolution.
In conclusion, the research question is a robust and multifaceted inquiry into the Philippine
Revolution and its enduring significance. This question is designed to encourage a
comprehensive examination of the topic, encompassing its historical importance and relevance
to contemporary global issues. By exploring the historical impact of the Philippine Revolution,
researchers can delve into the specific events, strategies, and outcomes that shaped the
Philippines’ path to independence and sovereignty (Mendez, 2023). This historical analysis
provides a deep understanding of how the revolution altered the course of Philippine history
and challenged colonial dynamics with Spain.
Furthermore, the question invites researchers to draw connections between the past and the
present. It highlights the Philippine Revolution’s enduring lessons to contemporary global
movements for self-determination, human rights, and nationalism. This aspect acknowledges
the relevance of historical events in shaping modern socio-political movements and ideologies.
It encourages researchers to explore how the principles and experiences of the Philippine
Revolution can inform and inspire present-day struggles for freedom, justice, and selfdetermination worldwide.
•
In addition, beliefs, assumptions, and values play significant roles in shaping research questions.
Individuals’ beliefs can lead to questions that reflect their perspectives, assumptions can guide
research direction, and values can influence the choice of topics and emphasis in historical
inquiry. Therefore, researchers need to remain aware of these influences to ensure a balanced
and comprehensive understanding of complex historical events.
•
•
•
References
Mendez, J. R. (2023). Monumentalizing Memories, Memorializing Monuments: Rizal Park and
American Colonial Philippines, 1898-1946 (Doctoral dissertation, Tokyo University of Foreign
Studies).
Zhou, Z. (2023). Producing the Meaning of An Asianist Revolution: Images of Revolutionaries in
the 1899 Sino-Japanese Joint Aid to the Philippine Revolution. The Columbia Journal of Asia,
2(1), 76–91.
o
HIS 100 Module Two Activity Template: Primary and Secondary Sources
Replace the bracketed text below with your responses.
Non-graded portion:
• List your historical research topic here:
o Philippine Revolution
Graded portion:
Distinguish between primary and secondary sources.
• Primary sources are firsthand or original documents, artifacts, or records created during the
event or period under study. They provide direct insight into the subject matter without
interpretation or analysis. Examples include letters, diaries, photographs, and official documents
from the time in question (Renjith et al., 2021). Secondary sources, on the other hand, are
created after the fact and are interpretations or analyses of primary sources or events. They are
typically written by scholars, historians, or researchers and involve interpretation, synthesis, and
analysis. Examples include history books, research articles, and documentaries.
• Primary sources aim to capture and document individuals’ or entities’ immediate experience,
thoughts, and reactions at a specific time. They offer a raw, unfiltered view of historical events.
In contrast, secondary sources seek to analyze, interpret, or provide context to primary sources
or historical events. They often aim to synthesize information, draw conclusions, or present a
broader perspective.
• Primary sources are created contemporaneously with the events they describe. They provide a
snapshot of a specific moment in history, while Secondary sources are produced after the
events they discuss, allowing for hindsight, analysis, and a broader historical context.
• While primary sources can offer a direct perspective, they may also reflect the biases, opinions,
and limitations of the individuals or entities that created them. Secondary sources may be more
objective as they often involve critical analysis and synthesis of multiple primary sources.
However, they can still be influenced by the biases and interpretations of the author.
• In primary sources, examples include personal letters, speeches, newspaper articles from
the time, photographs, original manuscripts, and eyewitness accounts, while in secondary
sources, examples encompass history books, biographies, documentaries, research
articles, and scholarly analysis of historical events.
Explain why it is important to consult a variety of sources when conducting historical research. Include
specific details and examples.
• Consulting a variety of sources is crucial in historical research for several reasons. First, it helps
corroborate information and establish data reliability (García-Milon et al., 2020). For instance,
primary sources like Emilio Aguinaldo’s memoirs can offer personal insights while studying the
Philippine Revolution. However, cross-referencing them with secondary sources like academic
articles can verify the historical accuracy of events and perspectives. Second, a range of sources
allows for a more comprehensive understanding of the topic. In the case of the Philippine
Revolution, using newspapers, photographs, official documents, and oral histories alongside
scholarly analyses provides a multifaceted view of the period. Third, it helps mitigate bias and
subjectivity. The author’s perspective can influence historical accounts, so consulting sources
with differing viewpoints ensures a more balanced interpretation. Ultimately, diverse sources
enrich historical research by providing a holistic, well-rounded perspective on the past.
1
Identify one primary source that would help investigate your research question (include the title,
author, and link to the source).
• One primary source that would be valuable for investigating the research question “How did the
Philippine Revolution of 1896 impact the quest for national independence and sovereignty?” is
the book titled “The Philippines: A Past Revisited” by Mente & Valila.
file:///C:/Users/User/Downloads/s41599-023-01911-8.pdf. This book is a comprehensive
examination of Philippine history and provides insights into the historical context and events
surrounding the revolution. It can offer direct information and perspectives from the time
period, aiding in a deeper understanding of the revolution’s impact.
Identify one secondary source that would help investigate your research question (include the title,
author, and link to the source).
• One secondary source that would contribute to the investigation of the research question is the
article titled “Reading Rizal: Wilhelm Tell and texts of revolution in the colonial Philippines” by
Wirth, published in Postcolonial Studies.
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13688790.2021.2018774?scroll=top&needAccess
=true&role=tab. This article delves into the role of literature and texts in the context of the
Philippine Revolution. It offers a scholarly analysis of how revolutionary ideas were
disseminated and discusses the impact of these texts on the revolution. This secondary source
can provide critical insights into the intellectual and ideological aspects of the revolution.
Choose a current event related to the subject of your historical research question and explain how they
are connected.
• A contemporary event linked to the themes of the Philippine Revolution is the ongoing struggle
for self-determination and human rights among marginalized communities in various parts of
the world. For instance, the Indigenous rights movement in Canada, particularly the protests
the construction of pipelines through Indigenous lands, resonates with the historical quest for
autonomy during the Philippine Revolution. Both movements share common goals of asserting
their land, resources, and self-governance rights, challenging historical injustices, and striving for
recognition and equality. The connection lied in the shared pursuit of sovereignty, human rights
and social justice, with the lessons from the Philippine Revolution offering inspiration and
guidance for contemporary global movements advocating for self-determination and equality.
References
García-Milon, A., Juaneda-Ayensa, E., Olarte-Pascual, C., & Pelegrín-Borondo, J. (2020).
Towards the smart tourism destination: Key factors in information source use on the
tourist shopping journey. Tourism management perspectives, 36, 100730.
Mente, T. J. B., & Valila Jr, J. R. (2022). The Philippines: A Past Revisited.
file:///C:/Users/User/Downloads/s41599-023-01911-8.pd
2
Renjith, V., Yesodharan, R., Noronha, J. A., Ladd, E., & George, A. (2021). Qualitative methods
in health care research. International journal of preventive medicine, p. 12.
Wirth, C. (2023). Reading Rizal: Wilhelm Tell and texts of revolution in the colonial Philippines.
Postcolonial Studies, 26(2), 259-278.
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13688790.2021.2018774?scroll=top&needAccess
=true&role=tab
3
1
Uncovering Bias in Narratives
Student’s Name
Institution Affiliation
Professor’s Name
Course Name
Date
2
Uncovering Bias in Narratives
Question One
Identifying bias within primary and secondary sources was essential to understanding the
historical event of the Philippine Revolution 1896 and its narratives. One of the strategies I
employed to determine the bias in the sources was assessing the authors’ backgrounds and
affiliations. For example, in Renato Constantino’s article “The Philippines: A Past Revisited,” it
was evident that the author approached the topic from a Filipino nationalist perspective,
emphasizing the struggle for freedom from Spanish colonial rule (Mente & Valila, 2022).
Conversely, Ileto’s article “The Road to 1898: On American Empire and the Philippine
Revolution” presented a contrasting American viewpoint that portrayed the events 1898 as
pivotal for the United States’ global ambitions.
Question Two
Identifying absent voices in historical narratives presented its own set of challenges. One
such challenge was recognizing the marginalized perspectives, particularly those of indigenous
Filipinos, women, and other minority groups. The dominant narratives of leaders like Bonifacio
and Aguinaldo often overshadowed their voices. Identifying these absent voices required crossreferencing with additional sources focusing on indigenous perspectives. Similarly, the role of
women in the revolution was downplayed in several narratives. Female revolutionaries like
Gregoria de Jesus and Melchora Aquino faced oppression and played essential roles, but their
stories were often marginalized (CABALZA, 2019). Recognizing this absence involved
consulting feminist historical works and oral histories that shed light on the contributions of
women.
Question Three
3
Despite the richness of the sources, there are still missing perspectives in the narrative
about the Philippine Revolution 1896. One notable absence is the perspective of women in the
revolution. While the sources mention key male figures and their roles, they basically overlook
the contributions and experiences of Filipino women who played crucial roles in supporting the
revolution through various means, including nursing, espionage, and activism. Another missing
perspective is indigenous communities and their interactions with the revolution. The sources
primarily focus on urban and educated elites, but indigenous groups had unique experiences and
responses to colonial rule and the revolution.
In conclusion, the brainstorming process for identifying bias in sources involved
assessing author backgrounds and perspectives. Identifying absent voices required critically
examining the sources to ensure diverse perspectives were considered. Furthermore, the missing
perspectives in the narrative may include the voices of women and indigenous communities.
Recognizing these gaps is essential for a more inclusive and well-rounded understanding of the
Philippine Revolution 1896 and its relevance to contemporary global movements for selfdetermination, human rights, and nationalism.
4
References
CABALZA, C. B. (2019). When The Last Men Standing are Women: An Exploratory Anthology
Laying the Foundation for a Leni Robredo-Sara Duterte-Carpio 2022 Election Win.
Mente, T. J. B., & Valila Jr, J. R. (2022). The Philippines: A Past Revisited.
file:///C:/Users/User/Downloads/s41599-023-01911-8.pd
Purchase answer to see full
attachment
